IDAEA is the leading environmental research center of CSIC. Founded in 2008 and organized into two major departments (Environmental Chemistry and Geosciences), IDAEA was awarded the “Severo Ochoa” Center of Excellence distinction in 2020, highlighting the high-quality scientific leadership and global impact of the work carried out at the institute. The health of humans, animals, plants, and the environment as a whole (including ecosystems) is closely interconnected and interdependent. This ONE HEALTH concept is the foundation of studies conducted at IDAEA. For this purpose, we have the capacity and potential to address interdisciplinary research challenges from local to global scales. IDAEA is characterised by its interdisciplinary nature, encompassing research in chemistry, biology, toxicology, hydrology, and geology. We cover a wide range of environmental challenges related to the origin and health effects of emerging contaminants, as well as studies characterizing the atmosphere-ocean exchange and biogeochemistry of anthropogenic chemicals, paleoclimatic studies, the use of chemometric tools for big data analysis, study and management of water resources, water system management, air quality issues, and circular economy. Scientific activity focuses on detecting and diagnosing the situation and problems in each of these areas, followed by working on the development of solutions to eliminate or mitigate the problem. We place special emphasis on Science4Policy to harness science in improving policies to address current environmental challenges. IDAEA seeks answers at the forefront of knowledge and poses questions that require in-depth research, development capability, and technological application. These capabilities, along with an intense proactive attitude, management skills, and commitment to society, enable IDAEA to tackle global challenges for a sustainable future development.